Talking Heads: Speech Production Measuring and Analyzing Speech Production

Figure 6: A. (a) Movements of the jaw, upper lip and lower lip corrected for jaw movement, and the acoustical signal, for one token of /ba’pab/. Articulator position (y axis) is shown as a function of time. Onsets of jaw and lip movements are indicated (empirically determined from zero crossings in the velocity records). (b) Timing of upper lip associated with /p/ production as a function of the period between successive jaw lowerings for the flanking vowels for one subject’s productions of /ba#pab/. slow rate, first syllable stressed; slow rate, second syllable stressed; fast rate, first syllable stressed; fast rate, second syllable stressed. B. Left: time series representations of idealized utterances. Right: corresponding jaw motions, characterized as a simple mass spring and displayed on the "functional" phase plane (i.e. position on the vertical axis and velocity on the horizontal axis). (a), (b) and (c) represent three tokens with vowel-to-vowel periods (P and P') and consonant latencies (L and L') that are not linearly related. Phase position of upper lip movement onset relative to the jaw cycle is indicated. (From Kelso, J.A.S., Saltzman, E.L., & Tuller, B., 1986. The dynamical perspective in speech production: data and theory. Journal of Phonetics 14, 29-59).   Introduction | Acoustic Theory | Measuring Production Tract Model | Gestural Modeling | State of the Art