| Abstract | [Introduction]
There has been longstanding Federal interest in research as a means for improving the well being of our citizens. As a result, the Federal government supports a diverse range of research involving people. This research includes behavioral and social science research and other non-medical research as well as biomedical research. The federal government has responsibilities in areas such as social science that the citizens of our country endorse. For example, the National Science Foundation supports data collection efforts, such as the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, that enable our elected and other government officials to plan effectively for education, housing, medical care, and for concerns in a wide variety of other areas. Research on cognition, learning, memory, language, perception, and social and economic behavior helps us understand, among other things, how humans deal with complex tools and environments ranging from computers and the Internet to workplaces and playgrounds. These are just a couple of examples of the enormous breadth and complexity of research that is supported by the National Science Foundation. To be effective, systems for human protection in research must understand this complexity and deal with it flexibly. This is an awesome undertaking. |