| Abstract | [Introduction]
During the past decade, several techniques have been developed by which changes in glottal aperture during running speech may be observed indirectly . The techniques involve transillumination [So-Nesson, 1960), measurement of electrical impedance across the glottis [Fabre, 1957], ultrasonic monitoring [Asano, 1968; Minifie, Kelsey and Hixon, 1968] and X-ray motion pictures [Hollien, 1965]. In earlier work at Haskins Laboratories the transillimunation technique was used [Lisker, Abramson, Cooper and Schvey, 1969]. The transillumination data provided valuable information laryngeal maneuvers during speech. The data, however, raised some questions which might only be solved by visual examination of the glottis. We then began to use a flexible fiberoptics bundle to examine the glottis visually and photographically. The technique was developed at the University of Tokyo [Sawashima and Hirose, 1968]. |