| Abstract | Those who view reading difficulties from the standpoint of comprehension have often focused on a different set of problems than those whose standpoint is the identification of individual words. Nonetheless the two kinds of problems-word decoding and sentence understanding-may be connected in several ways, as Perfetti and his colleagues have appreciated. The question considered in this chapter is whether the major difficulties at the level of the word and at the level of the sentence (and larger units of text) could have a common source. The chapter proposes how difficulties at each level might stem from a deficit in phonological processing, and it counters some empirical challenges to this viewpoint with arguments based on recent research. |