| Abstract | Conducted 2 experiments with native speakers of Hebrew to assess the effect of semantic and phonemic ambiguity on lexical decision and naming performance in deep Hebrew orthography. All Ss were university undergraduates. Exp I included 96 Ss, and Exp II included 64 Ss who did not participate in Exp I. The results indicate that (1) lexical decisions for ambiguous consonant strings are based on ambiguous orthographic information; (2) Ss do not ignore vowels completely while making decisions; and (3) naming low-frequency voweled alternatives of ambiguous strings took significantly longer than did naming the high-frequency voweled alternatives or the unvoweled strings without a significant difference between the latter 2 string types. It is proposed that semantic and phonological disambiguation of unvoweled words in Hebrew is achieved in parallel to the lexical decision, but is not required by it. |