On the dynamics of temporal patterning in speech.
| Number | 979 |
|---|---|
| Year | 1995 |
| Drawer | 18 |
| Entry Date | 07/01/1998 |
| Authors | Saltzman, Elliot, Löfqvist, Anders, Kinsella-Shaw, Jeff, Kay, Bruce, and Rubin, Philip. |
| Contact | Philip Rubin at Haskins Laboratories |
| Publication | Bell-Berti, F. and Raphael, L.J. Producing Speech: Contemporary Issues. For Katerhine Safford Harris. AIP Press: New York. |
| url | http://www.haskins.yale.edu/Reprints/HL0979.pdf |
| Abstract | What are the dynamics that underlie cohesion among the gestural or segmental components of a given speech utterance? The present chapter describes recent results from an ongoing series of studies at Haskins Laboratories that has begun to provide answers to this question (e.g., Kollia, 1994; Löfqvist & Gracco, 1991; Munhall, Löfqvist, & Kelso, 1994; Saltzman, 1992; Saltzman, Kay, Rubin, & Kinsella-Shaw, 1991; Saltzman, Löfqvist, Kinsella-Shaw, & Rubin, 1992; see also Gracco & Abbs, 1989, performed prior to the first author’s move to Haskins). These studies employ a paradigm in which mechanical perturbations are applied to the articulatory periphery, typically the lower lip or jaw, during spoken utterances in order to probe the functioning of the speech production apparatus. The resultant changes in the temporal structure of the utterances are used to provide information about the dynamics of intergestural timing. For example, transient mechanical perturbations delivered to the speech articulators during repetitive speech sequences (Saltzman, 1992; Saltzman et al., 1991), or to the limbs during unimanual rhythmic tasks (Kay, 1986; Kay, Saltzman, & Kelso, 1991), can alter the underlying timing structure of the ongoing sequence and induce systematic shifts in the timing of subsequent movement elements. As will be elaborated shortly in greater detail, these data imply that the relative phasing of speech gestures is not rigidly specified over a given sequence. Rather, such results suggest that gestural patterning evolves fluidly and flexibly over the course of an ongoing sequence, governed by an intrinsic intergestural dynamic. Furthermore, these data suggest that the intergestural dynamical system functions as a sequence-specific central timing network that does not simply drive the articulatory periphery in a unidirectionally coupled manner. Rather, central and peripheral dynamics are coupled bidirectionally, so that feedback information from the articulatory periphery can influence the state of the central “clock.” |
| Notes |
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